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Diflucan (Fluconazole) (INN) is a triazole antifungal drug used in the treatment and prevention of superficial and systemic fungal infections. In a bulk powder form, it appears as a white crystalline powder, and it is very slightly soluble in water and soluble in alcohol.
Like other imidazole- and triazole-class antifungals, Diflucan (Fluconazole) inhibits the fungal cytochrome P450 enzyme 14?-demethylase. Mammalian demethylase activity is much less sensitive to Diflucan (Fluconazole) than fungal demethylase. This inhibition prevents the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol, an essential component of the fungal cytoplasmic membrane, and subsequent accumulation of 14?-methyl sterols. Diflucan (Fluconazole) is primarily fungistatic, however may be fungicidal against certain organisms in a dose-dependent manner.
Following oral dosing, Diflucan (Fluconazole) is almost completely absorbed within two hours. Bioavailability is not significantly affected by the absence of stomach acid. Concentrations measured in the urine, tears and skin are approximately 10 times the plasma concentration, while saliva, sputum and vaginal fluid concentrations are approximately equal to the plasma concentration, following a standard dose range of between 100 mg and 400 mg per day. The elimination half-life of Diflucan (Fluconazole) follows zero order kinetics and only 10% of elimination is due to metabolism, the remainder is excreted in urine and sweat. Patients with impaired renal function will be at risk of overdose as well as patients taking drugs such as warfarin.
Adverse drug reactions associated with Diflucan (Fluconazole) therapy include:
- Common (?1% of patients): rash, headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and/or elevated liver enzymes
- Infrequent (0.1–1% of patients): anorexia, fatigue, constipation
- Rare (<0.1% of patients): oliguria, hypokalaemia, paraesthesia, seizures, alopecia, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, thrombocytopenia, other blood dyscrasias, serious hepatotoxicity including hepatic failure, anaphylactic/anaphylactoid reactions
- Very rare: prolonged QT interval, torsades de pointes
What is the shelf life of the pills?
- The expiry date is mentioned on each blister. It is different for different batches. The shelf life is 2 years from the date of manufacture and would differ from batch to batch depending on when they were manufactured.
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